FRTL-5 Cells

The FRTL-5 cell line, derived from normal rat thyroid follicular cells, plays a significant role in thyroid research, particularly focusing on the physiology and pathophysiology of the gland. These cells are characterized by their dependence on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) for proliferation, making them an essential model for studying TSH regulation and thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Importantly, FRTL-5 cells retain the capability to uptake iodide, which is crucial for investigating iodide metabolism and the production of thyroid hormones. This feature underscores their utility in exploring thyroid function and dysfunctions. In addition to their fundamental roles in thyroid hormone studies, FRTL-5 cells have been instrumental in examining the influence of growth factors, cytokines, and oncogenes on thyroid biology. Their consistent expression of thyroid-specific markers, including thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase, makes them valuable for molecular and cellular biology studies aimed at understanding thyroid-related diseases. As such, FRTL-5 cells are frequently utilized in research addressing thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroid disease, and other related disorders, contributing significant insights into the cellular mechanisms driving these conditions. Moreover, the FRTL-5 cell line has been critical in research related to autoimmune thyroid disorders such as Graves' disease. It has been used to assay the activity of immunoglobulins in human samples, offering a robust and reproducible model for studying autoimmune interactions with thyroid cells. The three-dimensional growth pattern of these cells provides a more physiologically relevant environment for examining cell behavior and intercellular interactions in thyroid biology. These attributes, combined with decades of research leveraging FRTL-5 cells, underscore their importance in advancing our understanding of thyroid health and disease.